| Conventional Generation | Transmission | Distribution | Customers Services |
|---|
| Black start | Participation to the primary frequency control | Capacity support | End-user peak shaving |
| Arbitrage | Participation to the secondary frequency control | Dynamic, local voltage control | Time-of-use energy cost management |
| Support to conventional generation | Participation to the tertiary frequency control | Contingency grid support | Particular requirements in power quality |
| Improvement of the frequency stability of weak grids | Intentional islanding | Continuity of energy supply |
| Investment deferral | Reactive power compensation | Limitation of upstream disturbances |
| Participation to angular stability | Distribution power quality | Compensation of the reactive power |
| | Limitation of upstream perturbations | |
| Renewable Generation | | | |
|---|
| Distributed generation flexibility | | | |
| Capacity firming | | | |
| Limitation of upstream perturbations | | | |
| Curtailment minimisation | | | |
